<\/p>\n
To learn more about all ICJ cases related to the question of Palestine, click here to visit the dedicated webpage.<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n 28 April 2025<\/p>\n International Court of Justice advisory proceedings on the Obligations of Israel in Relation to the Presence and Activities of the United Nations, Other International Organizations and Third States in and in relation to the Occupied Palestinian Territory<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE<\/strong><\/p>\n Oral proceedings of 28 April \u2013 2 May 2025<\/p>\n <\/p>\n<\/div>\n Statement on behalf of the Secretary-General of the United Nations<\/strong><\/p>\n H.E. Ms. Elinor Hammarskj\u00f6ld 28 April 2025<\/p>\n Thank you, Mister President.<\/p>\n Mister President, Members of the Court, it is a great honour for me to appear in front of you on behalf of the Secretary-General of the United Nations in the context of this request for an advisory opinion.<\/p>\n At the outset, I want to underline that the Secretary-General is making every effort to alleviate and bring to an end the ongoing and persistent human suffering of the population in Israel and in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including the hostages and their families and all those affected by the ongoing armed conflict.\u00a0 There is an urgent need to return to a ceasefire, and for the parties to respect their obligations under international law.<\/p>\n The Secretary-General has consistently reiterated his strong and unequivocal condemnation of the abhorrent acts of terror by Hamas and other Palestinian armed groups on 7 October 2023.\u00a0 He has also repeatedly called for all the hostages to be released immediately and unconditionally.<\/p>\n No humanitarian aid or commercial goods have been allowed into Gaza since 2nd of\u202fMarch, which has devastating humanitarian consequences in the Gaza Strip.\u00a0 The Secretary-General continues to call for humanitarian aid to reach all people in need.<\/p>\n As I stand before you, 295 United Nations personnel have died in Gaza since the 7th\u202fof October 2023.<\/p>\n Mister President,<\/p>\n The request in General Assembly resolution 79\/232 that the Court render an advisory opinion focuses on the obligations of the State of Israel. This statement will therefore do likewise. Before doing so, I want to reiterate that all parties to a conflict must comply with all their obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law and international human rights law, at all times.<\/p>\n In the context of the situation in Israel and in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Israel, the State of Palestine, and non-State actors, including Palestinian armed groups such as Hamas, have obligations under international law that must be observed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Monsieur le pr\u00e9sident, Mesdames et Messieurs les juges,\u00a0\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n L\u2019objectif de cet expos\u00e9 oral est d\u2019assister la Cour dans le cadre de la pr\u00e9sente proc\u00e9dure consultative portant sur les obligations d\u2019Isra\u00ebl, en tant que puissance occupante et membre des Nations Unies, en ce qui concerne la pr\u00e9sence et les activit\u00e9s des Nations Unies dans le Territoire palestinien occup\u00e9 et en lien avec celui-ci.<\/p>\n Les Nations Unies ont un int\u00e9r\u00eat sp\u00e9cial et direct dans cette proc\u00e9dure.<\/p>\n Des informations d\u00e9taill\u00e9es ont d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 fournies dans l\u2019expos\u00e9 \u00e9crit sur la pr\u00e9sence et les activit\u00e9s des treize entit\u00e9s des Nations Unies\u00a0[1]\u00a0qui se trouvent sur le Territoire palestinien occup\u00e9.\u00a0 Je ne r\u00e9p\u00e9terai donc pas cette information aujourd\u2019hui.<\/p>\n Je me limiterai \u00e0 rappeler que toutes ces entit\u00e9s sont des organes subsidiaires des Nations Unies au sens de la Charte, ou font partie du Secr\u00e9tariat des Nations Unies.\u00a0 Je souligne \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard que le statut de ces entit\u00e9s est irr\u00e9futable.<\/p>\n Ces entit\u00e9s sont engag\u00e9es dans la \u00ab\u202ffourniture sans entrave d\u2019articles de premi\u00e8re n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 essentiels \u00e0 la survie de la population civile palestinienne\u202f\u00bb [2].\u00a0 Aussi, dans certains cas, ces entit\u00e9s sont engag\u00e9es dans la fourniture de \u00ab\u202fservices de base et d\u2019une aide humanitaire et d\u2019une aide au d\u00e9veloppement, dans l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat de la population civile palestinienne et \u00e0 l\u2019appui du droit du peuple palestinien \u00e0 l\u2019autod\u00e9termination\u202f\u00bb [3].<\/p>\n Aujourd\u2019hui, mes propos seront expos\u00e9s de la mani\u00e8re suivante\u202f:<\/p>\n En premier lieu, je me r\u00e9f\u00e9rerai aux obligations d\u2019Isra\u00ebl en tant que puissance occupante.<\/p>\n En second lieu, je me r\u00e9f\u00e9rerai aux obligations d\u2019Isra\u00ebl en tant que membre des Nations Unies.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Mr. President, Members of the Court,<\/p>\n I will now elaborate on the obligations of Israel as an occupying Power.\u00a0 After making initial preliminary remarks, I will turn to three specific issues: (1) first, the scope of relief schemes under the Fourth Geneva Convention; (2) second, the limitations on the authority of the occupying Power to administer an occupied territory; and (3) third, the protection of humanitarian, medical and United Nations personnel in general.<\/p>\n ***<\/strong><\/p>\n Israel has several obligations in relation to the presence and activities of the United Nations in the Occupied Palestinian Territory by virtue of its status as the occupying Power.\u00a0 These obligations include the following obligations under international humanitarian law:<\/p>\n In the specific context of the current situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, these obligations entail allowing and facilitating all relevant United Nations entities to carry out their activities for the benefit of the local population.<\/p>\n In addition to international humanitarian law obligations, international human rights law obligations are also applicable to the conduct of Israel with regard to the Occupied Palestinian Territory.\u00a0 This includes respecting the decisions of the representative of the Palestinian people to receive basic goods and services from United Nations entities in order to fully enjoy their right of self-determination.<\/p>\n Israel is bound to respect the decision of the Palestinian people on the manner in which the dependence of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem, and Gaza on Israel for the provision of basic goods and services should be reduced.\u00a0 Israel has the obligation to render assistance to such activities of the United Nations.<\/p>\n ***<\/strong><\/p>\n Mr. President, Members of the Court,<\/p>\n Against this background of an overarching framework, I would like now to more specifically address three points of international humanitarian law.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n First<\/em><\/strong>, I would like to address the scope of relief schemes under Article 59 of the Fourth Geneva Convention.\u00a0 I recall that, under Article 59, the occupying Power is required to agree to relief schemes and facilitate them, if the whole or part of the population of an occupied territory is inadequately supplied.<\/p>\n Article 59 refers to \u201crelief schemes\u201d in general.<\/p>\n The plain terms of Article 59 do not limit relief schemes to objects that are urgently needed for the survival of the civilian population.<\/p>\n Article 59, paragraph 2, specifically refers to foodstuffs, medical supplies and clothing.\u00a0 These are examples of relief supplies, and do not constitute an exhaustive list of objects that constitute relief schemes.<\/p>\n The content of relief schemes depends on the needs of the population of an occupied territory.\u00a0 The legal obligation covers those needs that have to be addressed immediately.\u00a0 For example, when a large number of population is displaced due to military operations, relief schemes would comprise items that are essential to address their immediate needs, such as food, water, shelter and hygiene facilities.<\/p>\n The definition should also be understood to cover needs which may be more long-term, in particular in cases of prolonged occupation.\u00a0 For example, relief schemes to address long-term needs may include items that are essential for the construction and repair of certain infrastructures, including medical and sanitation facilities, and items and services to eradicate poverty.<\/p>\n Therefore, the needs of the population in an occupied territory could evolve depending on the nature and the duration of occupation. And relief schemes need to be adapted to the evolving needs.\u00a0 The occupying Power must agree to such relief schemes, as adapted, and facilitate them.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Second<\/strong><\/em>, the authority of the occupying Power to administer an occupied territory must be exercised in a manner that is consistent with international humanitarian law.<\/p>\n Any measures taken by the occupying Power to ensure its security must be exercised in a manner that would not deny impartial humanitarian organizations, such as the United Nations, the ability to carry out relief schemes, while part of the population of an occupied territory continues to be inadequately supplied.<\/p>\n In instances where the occupying Power has concerns with the impartiality of a humanitarian organization, the occupying Power may not unilaterally declare that such humanitarian organization is not impartial, and deny its relief schemes.\u00a0 Such concerns must be addressed in consultation with the humanitarian organization concerned.\u00a0 I will elaborate on this point later.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Third<\/strong><\/em>, under international law, including international humanitarian law, humanitarian relief personnel, medical personnel and United Nations personnel must be respected and protected.<\/p>\n As such, attacks may not be directed against such personnel, as long as they are entitled to the protection given to civilians under international humanitarian law.<\/p>\n At every stage of the conduct of military operations, all feasible precautions must be taken to avoid, and in any event to minimize, incidental casualties to humanitarian, medical and United Nations personnel.<\/p>\n They must be treated humanely and must not be subjected to harassment and intimidation.<\/p>\n They are also protected by international human rights law.\u00a0 As such, they must not be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention.<\/p>\n United Nations personnel, including those who carry out humanitarian and medical work for the United Nations, are also accorded particular status under the Charter of the United Nations and the Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, to which Israel is a party.\u00a0 Consistently with their status as United Nations officials or experts, United Nations personnel may not be attacked, arrested or detained or subjected to any form of legal process in connection with their official functions.<\/p>\n Privileges and immunities are granted to United Nations personnel in the interests of the Organization. Interference with their functions impedes the activities of the United Nations as an organization.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Mr. President, Members of the Court,<\/p>\n I will now move on to the second part of my statement, which concerns Israel\u2019s obligations as a Member of the United Nations.<\/p>\n I will start by recalling the unlawfulness of Israel\u2019s continued presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the relevance of this to the present proceedings.<\/p>\n I will then recall the general obligations arising from the Charter and the 1946 Convention on the Privileges and Immunities of the United Nations, which I shall refer to in my statement as the \u201cGeneral Convention\u201d.<\/p>\n I will then specifically discuss first, the inviolability of United Nations premises, second, the general obligation of cooperation with the United Nations, and third, the issue of the impartiality of certain United Nations entities.<\/p>\n ***<\/strong><\/p>\n Mr. President, Members of the Court,<\/p>\n I will now turn to the first point: the unlawfulness of Israel\u2019s continued presence in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and the relevance of this to the present proceedings.<\/p>\n Under international law, States, including Members of the United Nations, are prohibited from acquiring territory by force.<\/p>\n In the Advisory Opinion of 19 July 2024, this Court concluded that Israel\u2019s assertion of sovereignty over and its annexation of certain parts of the Occupied Palestinian Territory constitute a violation of the prohibition of the acquisition of territory by force.<\/p>\n On this basis, the Court has authoritatively determined that Israel is not entitled to sovereignty over or to exercise sovereign powers in any part of the Occupied Palestinian Territory on account of its occupation.<\/p>\n The enactment of the \u201cLaw to Cease UNRWA Operations\u201d and of the \u201cLaw to Cease UNRWA Operations in the Territory of\u202fthe\u202fState of Israel\u201d by the Knesset of Israel on 28 October 2024 appears to constitute an extension of sovereignty over \u2013 or exercise of sovereign powers in \u2013 the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem.<\/p>\n The same can be stated regarding any measures taken on the basis of those laws and other applicable Israeli law in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, including East Jerusalem.<\/p>\n They are, as such, inconsistent with Israel\u2019s obligations under international law.<\/p>\n Insofar as the \u201cLaw to Cease UNRWA Operations in the Territory of the State of Israel\u201d, among other effects, prevents UNRWA operations in East\u202fJerusalem, which Israel considers to be part of the territory of the State of Israel, the enactment and implementation of this law is also inconsistent with the international legal status of East Jerusalem.<\/p>\n ***<\/strong><\/p>\n I will now turn to certain general obligations under the Charter.<\/p>\n The present proceedings are crucial because they will afford the opportunity to clarify certain fundamental elements of the legal framework applicable to the United Nations.<\/p>\n The status of Israel as a Member of the United Nations entails several legal obligations concerning the presence and activities of the United\u202fNations in and in relation to the Occupied Palestinian Territory.<\/p>\n These obligations are all essential for the Organization to properly function and perform the mandates it has been entrusted by its Member States.<\/p>\n The \u201cexclusively international character\u201d of these functions and mandates is enshrined in Article\u202f100 of the Charter.\u00a0 When the basic elements of this legal framework are not observed, the very nature of the work of the Organization on behalf of its Member States is in jeopardy.<\/p>\n The basic elements of the legal framework of the United Nations include:<\/p>\n Regarding these, I wish to note that the Charter confers certain privileges and immunities to the Organization so that it may fulfil its purposes, as Article 105 of the Charter makes clear.\u00a0 Such privileges and immunities are applicable to all entities that are integral to the United Nations, including its subsidiary organs such as UNRWA, which was established by the General Assembly as its subsidiary organ.<\/p>\n In the written statement of the Secretary-General, the obligations stemming from the Charter and from the General Convention were elaborated in detail.<\/p>\n These principles are well set in law and practice.\u00a0 In this regard, I welcome the fact that a clear majority of Member States having submitted written statements appear to agree on the importance of the privileges and immunities of the Organization and its personnel.<\/p>\n Today, I wish to underline, before turning to certain specific points, the importance for United Nations operations of the obligation to uphold the immunity from legal process of the United Nations and its personnel, irrespective of which United Nations entity they may be assigned to.<\/p>\n Equally important is the obligation to facilitate the movement of supplies, goods and equipment of the United Nations and the freedom of movement of its personnel.<\/p>\n Particularly since the end of January this year, United Nations operations on the ground, specifically for UNRWA, have faced increasingly difficult conditions. Following the enactment and implementation of the Knesset Laws, the issuance of visas to UN personnel has been further denied or restricted, and actions have been taken against UNRWA personnel in connection with their duties for the Organization. There has been unauthorised entry into UNRWA schools and orders for their closure have been issued, notwithstanding the ongoing mandate for UNRWA activities.<\/p>\n In this regard, it is necessary to uphold the privileges and immunities of the United Nations and its personnel. As set out in documents contained in the dossier provided to the Court, violations of these obligations have occurred.[4<\/a>] Differences\u00a0arising out of the interpretation or application the General Convention may result in a situation in which a difference under the General Convention has arisen between the United Nations and Israel.<\/p>\n ***<\/strong><\/p>\n Mr. President, Members of the Court,<\/p>\n I would like now to elaborate more specifically on three points.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n First<\/strong><\/em>, I wish to emphasize the absolute and mandatory obligation to respect the inviolability of United\u202fNations premises, property and assets at all times, including during armed conflict, in accordance with international law.<\/p>\n Article II, Section 3, of the General Convention provides that the \u201cpremises of the United Nations shall be inviolable\u201d; also, that the \u201cproperty and assets of the United Nations, wherever located and by whomsoever held, shall be immune from search, requisition, confiscation, expropriation and any other form of interference, whether by executive, administrative, judicial or legislative action\u201d.<\/p>\n Consistently with this provision, inviolability entails that State agents may not enter or otherwise physically penetrate or physically interfere with the United Nations premises without the prior consent of the United Nations.<\/p>\n It also entails a duty on the part of the State to take all appropriate measures to prevent the United Nations premises being entered or otherwise physically penetrated, damaged or interfered with by other actors.<\/p>\n State officials, including members of the armed forces and domestic law enforcement authorities, may not enter United Nations premises without authorization by the United Nations.\u00a0 Any other form of interference is also prohibited by Article II, Section 3, of the General Convention.<\/p>\n These obligations therefore also prohibit any State authorities, including a State\u2019s armed forces or security forces from hitting, damaging or attacking United Nations premises, property and assets. There are no stated qualifications to, or limitations on, inviolability in the General Convention, and other relevant agreements. There is no reference to inviolability being merely \u201cfunctional\u201d in nature, as is the case for other provisions in the General Convention; nor is there any reference in the General Convention to situations of armed conflict, civil unrest or other emergency situations as constituting possible limitations on such inviolability.<\/p>\n The respect for the inviolability of United Nations premises, property and assets is an indispensable precondition for the Organization to be able to implement its mandated activities all over the world, including in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.<\/p>\n Serious breaches of international law have been committed by parties to the ongoing conflict.\u00a0 But a breach by one party does not excuse breaches by other parties.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n I will now refer to the second<\/strong><\/em> point: the general principles that enshrine obligations of cooperation with the United Nations.<\/p>\n It is from the Preamble of the Charter that we derive the notion that Member States have committed to \u201ccombin[ing] [their] efforts\u201d to accomplish the aims of the Organization.<\/p>\n Among the Principles set out in Article 2 of the Charter is that \u201c[a]ll Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfil in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter\u201d (Article 2, paragraph 2).<\/p>\n Another of the Principles is set out in Article 2, paragraph 5 of the Charter, which requires, in its first part, that \u201c[a]ll Members shall give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the present Charter\u201d.<\/p>\n Consistently with the Court\u2019s interpretation of Article 2, paragraph 5, of the Charter in its Advisory Opinion concerning Reparation for injuries suffered in the service of the United Nations, in the practice of the Secretariat, Article 2, paragraph 5 of the Charter has generally been interpreted as meaning that Member States are required to provide every assistance to United Nations entities to ensure the effective implementation of their mandates.\u00a0 In this context, it has been generally relied upon when calling upon States to comply with their obligations under Article 105 of the Charter and the General Convention.<\/p>\n In the present case, the United Nations \u201caction\u201d consists of the activities carried out by a number of United Nations entities in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.\u00a0 Such activities are carried out consistent with resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly and with mandates provided by various United\u202fNations bodies, in a context in which this Court has authoritatively held that Israel is not entitled to sovereignty or to exercise sovereign powers.\u00a0 In these circumstances, Article 2, paragraph 5 of the Charter is directly relevant in the context of Israel\u2019s responsibilities vis-\u00e0-vis the presence and activities of the United Nations in and in relation to the Occupied Palestinian Territory, in accordance with international law, including other provisions of the Charter.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Finally, my third<\/strong><\/em> point, referred to in certain written submissions, relates to allegations that have been raised as to the impartiality of certain United Nations entities.<\/p>\n The United Nations considers very seriously any credible allegations against the Organization, including those involving its personnel or misuse of its premises. Any such concerns must be brought to the attention of the Organization so that the matter may be considered by the United Nations in accordance with its legal framework, including the privileges and immunities of the Organization and its personnel.<\/p>\n The Organization has established a framework to address and investigate specific allegations of incidents brought to its attention, which is in line with the status, privileges and immunities of the United Nations.\u00a0 With regard to allegations against United Nations personnel, the regulatory frameworks of the United Nations require such allegations to be confirmed through an internal administrative investigation, which may include referring the allegations to the Office of Internal Oversight Services (\u201cOIOS\u201d) for investigation. [5]<\/p>\n The ability of the United Nations to further inquire into allegations depends on the full cooperation of Member States, including the provision of relevant documents and materials, without which the Organization may not have sufficient basis to take further action in specific cases.<\/p>\n Where concerns relate to broader issues, the Organization has taken further steps to review the matter.\u00a0 For example, following allegations that have been raised against UNRWA and its personnel, UNRWA and OIOS have taken steps to investigate those allegations in line with the Organization\u2019s regulatory framework and continue to do so.\u00a0\u00a0 In response to Israel\u2019s concerns regarding the neutrality of UNRWA personnel more broadly, the Secretary-General appointed the former Foreign Minister of France, Catherine Colonna, to lead an independent review to assess whether UNRWA was doing everything within its power to ensure neutrality and respond to allegations of serious neutrality breaches when they are made.<\/p>\n The Secretary-General and UNRWA have expressed their commitment to fully implementing the review\u2019s recommendations, with the support of Member States.\u00a0 We note that such steps have been welcomed by the General Assembly [6]\u00a0and by a number of Member States in their written submissions for these proceedings.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Monsieur le pr\u00e9sident, Mesdames et Messieurs les juges,<\/p>\n Je conclus, en rappelant qu\u2019Isra\u00ebl continue \u00e0 lancer des frappes d\u00e9vastatrices sur Gaza, des frappes qui continuent d\u2019emporter la vie de nombreux civils, y compris du personnel des Nations Unies.\u00a0 En outre, aucune aide humanitaire n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 autoris\u00e9e \u00e0 rentrer dans la bande de Gaza depuis d\u00e9but mars.<\/p>\n En cons\u00e9quence, le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral a pris la d\u00e9cision difficile de r\u00e9duire la pr\u00e9sence de l\u2019Organisation dans la bande de Gaza, alors m\u00eame que les besoins humanitaires augmentent massivement et que notre inqui\u00e9tude par rapport \u00e0 la protection des civils cro\u00eet.<\/p>\n L\u2019Organisation des Nations Unies est d\u00e9termin\u00e9e \u00e0 exercer ses mandats dans le Territoire palestinien occup\u00e9, y compris Gaza, notamment en fournissant aux civils l\u2019aide dont ils ont besoin afin d\u2019assurer leur survie.<\/p>\n Pour que les entit\u00e9s des Nations Unies puissent exercer leurs fonctions, toutes les parties au conflit doivent pleinement respecter leurs obligations en vertu du droit international, y compris l\u2019obligation de prot\u00e9ger l\u2019inviolabilit\u00e9 absolue des locaux des Nations Unies et l\u2019obligation de garantir le respect de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance et du statut du personnel des Nations Unies.<\/p>\n A cet \u00e9gard, le respect par Isra\u00ebl de ses obligations en vertu du droit international est indispensable pour l\u2019exercice par les entit\u00e9s des Nations Unies de leurs mandats dans le Territoire palestinien occup\u00e9 et en lien avec celui-ci.<\/p>\n Un tel respect du droit international est tout aussi indispensable pour la protection des civils. Et pour que les coll\u00e8gues des Nations Unies continuent \u00e0 travailler pour sauver la vie de civils sans faire face \u00e0 des risques intol\u00e9rables.<\/p>\n Le respect du droit international par toutes les parties prenantes demeure la seule option possible pour une paix durable, ainsi que pour la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la justice des Isra\u00e9liens et des Palestiniens.<\/p>\n Monsieur le pr\u00e9sident, Mesdames et Messieurs les juges, je vous remercie pour votre attention.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/a>[1]\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The<\/span>\u00a0thirteen entities are:<\/span>\u00a0the\u00a0<\/span>Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), the United Nations Children\u2019s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), the United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women (UN<\/span>–<\/span>Women), the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), the United Nations Mine Action Service (UNMAS) of the Department of Peace Operations, the<\/span>\u00a0United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS), the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), the United Nations Special Coordinator for the Middle East Process (UNSCO), and the World Food Programme (WFP)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/a>[2] General<\/span>\u00a0Assembly resolution 79\/232, 19 December 2024, par<\/span>a.\u00a010.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/a>[3]\u00a0<\/span>Ibidem<\/em>.<\/p>\n <\/a>[4]\u00a0<\/span>For\u00a0<\/span>instance<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span>d<\/span>ossier Nos<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span>N295,\u00a0<\/span>N296,\u00a0<\/span>N298,\u00a0<\/span>N299,\u00a0<\/span>N303,\u00a0<\/span>N305,\u00a0<\/span>N309,\u00a0<\/span>N310<\/span>\u00a0and<\/span>\u00a0N311<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/a>[5]\u00a0<\/span><\/span>The Office of Internal Oversight Services (OIOS) is the internal oversight body of the United Nations.\u00a0 It was established by General Assembly resolution 48\/218 B adopted on 29 July 1994.<\/span><\/p>\n <\/a>[6] General<\/span>\u00a0Assembly resolution ES-10\/25<\/span>, 11 December 2024, para. 17<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" To learn more about all ICJ cases related to the question of Palestine, click here to visit the dedicated webpage. 28 April 2025 International Court of Justice advisory proceedings on the Obligations of Israel in Relation to the Presence and Activities of the United Nations, Other International Organizations and Third States in and in 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\nUnder-Secretary-General for Legal Affairs and United Nations Legal Counsel<\/p>\n[Opening statement \u2013 English]\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n
[ÉñÂíÎçÒ¹¸£ÀûÍø de l\u2019expos\u00e9 oral \u2013 Fran\u00e7ais]\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n
\u00a0I. Obligations of Israel as the occupying Power – English\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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II. Obligations of Israel as a Member of the United Nations \u2013 English\u00a0<\/strong><\/h3>\n
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[Conclusion \u2013 Fran\u00e7ais]\u00a0<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n
\n