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The Third United Nations Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDC3) in Awaza has concluded, leaving in its wake not just documents, but a renewed sense of momentum and possibility. While the formal endorsement of the ambitious Awaza Programme of Action (APoA) and adoption of the Awaza Declaration marked a critical diplomatic success, the true measure of LLDC3’s impact lies in the concrete pathways it created for change.

Here are three key ways the conference made a definitive difference for the 32 landlocked developing countries.

1. Mobilizing Unprecedented Global Political Will

The primary achievement of LLDC3 was the powerful and unified global endorsement of the new APoA. But this conference moved beyond mere agreement on text; it secured a clear commitment from developed and developing partner nations alike to translate these frameworks into tangible results on the ground. This consensus is vital for addressing the core challenges of infrastructure deficits, costly connectivity, and complex trade facilitation that hinder LLDC growth.

The Breakthrough Example: This new momentum was instantly visible with the landmark announcement of a new LLDC Climate Negotiating Group under the UNFCCC. This is a game-changer. For the first time, LLDCs—a group disproportionately affected by climate change despite contributing least to it—will have a formal, coordinated, and powerful voice in global climate negotiations, ensuring their unique vulnerabilities and needs are no longer overlooked.

2. Fostering an Inclusive, Multi-Stakeholder Platform for Action

LLDC3 distinguished itself as more than a traditional governmental meeting. It was a truly inclusive, multi-stakeholder forum designed for action. The conference floor buzzed with the energy of not just governments and the UN system, but also regional organizations, international financial institutions, the private sector, academia, dynamic youth leaders, women’s groups, and civil society.

This intentional diversity of perspectives was not symbolic; it was strategic. By bringing all key players to the same table, LLDC3 enabled the formation of new, practical partnerships and initiatives. This collective effort, with its shared focus on accelerating the implementation of the APoA, creates a robust ecosystem of support to ensure that no landlocked developing country is left behind.

3. Catalyzing a New Era of Private Sector Engagement

Perhaps one of the most significant shifts witnessed at LLDC3 was in the attitude and engagement of the private sector. The conference served as a turning point, transforming how investors and corporations view the potential of LLDCs. From infrastructure financiers and technology firms to logistics providers, private sector actors arrived with a fresh interest in contributing to sustainable development and project implementation as partners in progress.

The Lasting Impact: This renewed engagement will be sustained long after the conference ends through the establishment of the LLDC Global Business Network. This dedicated, enduring platform will ensure that business innovation, investment, and expertise remain central to the implementation of the APoA, turning political commitments into bankable projects and economic opportunities.

In conclusion, LLDC3’s legacy will be defined not only by the agreements signed in Awaza but by the powerful coalitions it built and the actionable mechanisms it set in motion. By securing unwavering political commitment, fostering inclusive collaboration, and unlocking private sector potential, the conference has provided the essential tools to help landlocked nations chart a new course toward resilience, connectivity, and prosperity. The work has just begun, but the foundation for meaningful progress is now firmly in place.

The Awaza Political Declaration and Programme of Action are available at UN LLDC3 website.